MetabolicPreclinicalOral (compounded clinical use)
5-Amino-1MQ
Investigational metabolic and adipose-targeting agent for obesity, adipose-tissue dysfunction, and related metabolic conditions (no FDA-approved indication; no registered human clinical trials as of April 2026)
Primary indication: Investigational metabolic and adipose-targeting agent for obesity, adipose-tissue dysfunction, and related metabolic conditions (no FDA-approved indication; no registered human clinical trials as of April 2026)
5-Amino-1MQ is a selective, membrane-permeable small-molecule inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme that transfers a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to nicotinamide, producing 1-methylnicotinamide (1-MNA) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). NNMT is highly expressed in white adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle, and its expression is upregulated in obesity, insulin resistance, and several cancers. By methylating and thereby trapping nicotinamide, NNMT reduces the salvageable pool of nicotinamide available for NAD+ biosynthesis — NNMT inhibition thus indirectly raises intracellular NAD+ levels and restores sirtuin activity. In adipocytes, NNMT inhibition with 5-Amino-1MQ has been shown to reduce lipogenesis, reduce intracellular 1-MNA, increase cellular NAD+, promote adipocyte lipolysis, and decrease adipocyte size and white adipose mass in preclinical models. Additional proposed effects include improved mitochondrial function, restored sirtuin-mediated transcriptional programs, and altered methylation-pathway flux. Critically, the human therapeutic implications of these preclinical findings remain unvalidated — no human clinical trials have been registered or completed.
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